The problem of high-quality watering is acute not only in dry times. Sprinklers, which are widespread everywhere, either poorly moisten or overmoisten the soil. And the percentage of evaporation of moisture from the surface is very high. An alternative method is drip irrigation from a dropper.
The problem of high-quality watering is acute not only in dry times. Sprinklers, which are widespread everywhere, either poorly moisten or overmoisten the soil. And the percentage of evaporation of moisture from the surface is very high. An alternative method is drip irrigation from a dropper. You can build an excellent irrigation system with your own hands, using a minimum of raw materials.
How to do watering with your own hands
What is the essence of such irrigation?
Not everyone can afford an automatic system, although the market for garden supplies provides a gardener with a huge choice. In addition, spending significant funds on an irrigation device, the operation of which does not take the longest period of the year, is not very justified. It is much better to be smart and collect everything yourself.
The essence of drip irrigation using a conventional dropper is simple, and it can already be traced from the name. Moisture comes dropwise to the plant, and immediately to the area of \u200b\u200bthe root system. The percentage of evaporation is reduced, each crop is provided with the amount of water that is necessary for a plentiful harvest - these are already very serious arguments in favor of such an irrigation system. But the main thing is that throughout the summer the summer resident will need a minimum of effort in this matter.
Drip irrigation from medical droppers will have a principle of operation similar to other types of drip irrigation made independently.
The water supply can equally be carried out both from a storage barrel with settled heated liquid, and directly from the water supply.
"She's cold!" - an experienced summer resident will be indignant. But here it is taken into account that watering with droppers stretches for 4-5 hours. This is its essence: the gradual supply of moisture, which is completely absorbed by the roots. During this period, even the coldest water has time to warm up, but the following rule must be observed: irrigation is carried out only 2 hours after sunrise and no more than 2 hours after sunset.
Irrigation equipment
So, you will need to purchase or find the following components:
Capacity suitable for capacity;
Plastic pipe. Preferably from low pressure plastic, it will last longer;
Medical droppers by the number of bushes;
The simplest filter;
Tap;
corners;
Plugs;
Locksmith tools.
DIY drip irrigation
The barrel is installed on a small platform. Elevation will help to give the right pressure so that water can reach remote areas with drippers. A crane is mounted to it, cutting it several centimeters above the bottom.
One of the main expense items will be the filter. Compared to conventional drip tapes, clogging in medical systems is an order of magnitude easier to determine. In addition, if a clean liquid drawn from the water supply is used for irrigation, then the need for this part may disappear altogether. It will be enough just to cover the container from above, and this will help to avoid getting debris into the water. In other cases, when you cannot do without a filter, purchase the most inexpensive model.
After installing the crane, the installation of the HDPE angle is carried out, which is fastened with a coupling. A piece of hose is put on from the free side, and another HDPE corner is attached to the second end of the pipe, which is connected to the main hose. If there are several beds, use a splitter to distribute water on several sides. Thus, it is possible to irrigate the entire area at once. The larger the water distribution area and the number of pipes, the higher try to raise the water container.
When the hoses are laid out, you can begin to connect the tubes of medical droppers to them. Since the holes need a certain size, the drill of the desired diameter is carefully selected. It is successfully replaced with a red-hot nail. Size is also important in this case. In order not to be mistaken, you can immediately mark the hose and make the required number of holes through certain sections.
After connecting, the needle is placed near the stem of the plant, and the wheel of the system is opened to the end, repeating this with each instance. This is necessary to test the performance of drip irrigation. Once the first test run is completed, all wheels are adjusted to the desired level. So, for moisture-loving plants, it makes sense to supply more moisture, and for other crops, slightly lower its amount. Such an individual approach to watering is one of the most important advantages of an irrigation system from medical droppers.
Other methods of arranging irrigation from droppers
It was also said above that it is possible to arrange drip irrigation with your own hands from medical droppers directly from the water supply. Work on creating irrigation in this case is much less. All actions are similar, except for one thing - you can connect the system by simply connecting a hose to the water supply.
It is worth noting that this method of irrigation is acceptable even for those water pipes where there is too much pressure. The pressure can be easily adjusted. It is enough to wait until the liquid reaches the most remote area and the droppers start working, after which you can turn the valve and shut off the water supply by more than half.
Some people prefer to do drip irrigation from medical droppers a little differently. Summer residents build racks or simply install sticks in the ground with a nail driven into the upper part, about 1.5 meters in size.
In this case, the entire medical system is used, and the plastic bag is hung on a makeshift hook. From the outside, the abundance of such structures looks interesting and unusual.
If we touch on the shortcomings of such an irrigation system, then they can rightly be attributed to the laborious filling of plastic bags, especially if there are a lot of them. If the dropper is connected to the main pipe, this problem will not arise, but it will be replaced by the possibility of clogging. It is also solved very simply - by installing a filter. The only negative that cannot be neutralized is the price of medical systems. For a vast area, it is unprofitable to bring a dropper to each crop; it is more rational to apply a similar irrigation technique for small gardens or if you already have systems.
How to organize drip irrigation from medical droppers, the video will tell in detail, and coupled with the information from the article, there should be no operational difficulties.
published If you have any questions on this topic, ask them to specialists and readers of our project.
Experienced gardeners know how important it is to organize on your site. Most of them come to the unanimous opinion that for vegetable crops, grapes and ornamental plants drip irrigation is the most suitable. Summer residents are a special people, creative, resourceful and inventive. From almost nothing, they can make very useful things for the economy. And the drip irrigation system is no exception. After analyzing many recommendations of experts, in this article we have collected 5 most useful tips how to make drip irrigation with your own hands.
1. Working principle and advantages of drip irrigation system
The drip irrigation system can be used to moisten the soil both in and in open areas. The principle of its operation is very simple - cleaning and drainage pipes are connected to the water source, which are located along the entire length of the beds, and through special holes along the entire length of the hose, water evenly flows to the roots of plants. water source it can serve as a central water supply, or a well that is equipped with a pump, a storage tank, or a pond that is located near your site. 
Water from the storage tank can be supplied by gravity, under the influence of gravity and pressure, or it can be forced to flow using a pump. The system will work in both cases. The difference will be felt only in water consumption and the duration of irrigation. For example, when using special drip tape, which has a certain rate of water consumption per hour, it is necessary to ensure a minimum operating pressure. Only with this condition water consumption will be as stated in the technical specifications.
When supplying water by gravity consumption will be less. You need to know this in order not to commit one of the most common mistakes many who for the first time take up the installation of the system with their own hands. If you realize that you will not be able to provide the required pressure, or the use of a pump in your area is not technically possible, do not under any circumstances assume that the watering time will be the same as if the requirements were met. To moisten the soil to the required depth, you may need half a day, but the plants will receive water constantly.
With drip irrigation, crops are not threatened with sunburn even at lunchtime, because their stems and leaves remain completely dry. Watering can begin in the early morning and end in the late afternoon without the slightest harm to the plants. And if the system is additionally equip with a timer pair of sensors (for example, a rain sensor and a soil moisture sensor), then your presence on the site is not necessary at all. The timer will either turn on and off the water supply at a given time, or do it as needed. This will be signaled by humidity sensors. And if it suddenly rains during irrigation, the system will react and turn off the water supply.
An important condition for the normal operation of the system is the use of cleaning filters. technical water has a lot of impurities and small debris that quickly clog holes. In this case, you will have to clean very often. 
How more good drip irrigation
- Due to the fact that water gets as close to the roots as possible, the evaporation coefficient is practically absent;
- Economical water consumption;
- Uniform watering;
- The ability to adjust the intensity of watering for each group of plants individually;
- Saving your personal time and effort;
- Free access of oxygen to the rhizomes;
- Absence of a heavy airtight crust on the ground surface;
- The costs associated with the purchase of drip hoses and all kinds of connecting elements will pay off very quickly, because the service life of such a system reaches 10 years;
- In the cold season, the system is easy to dismantle;
- Thanks to the flexibility of the hoses, they fold compactly and take up little storage space;
- Watering cold water is a stress for plants, which can slow down their growth. This often happens when watering from a hose directly from a water source. With drip irrigation, the water has time to warm up to ambient temperature while it is inside the hose. Such conditions are the most favorable for plants, and the coefficient of moisture absorption increases;
- Due to the fact that only the soil under the plants will receive regular moisture, you will soon notice that the number of weeds on the site will decrease.
It is not surprising that this irrigation system is used almost everywhere, especially if you come to the country house only on weekends. Next, we will consider drip irrigation methods do-it-yourself, from an elementary scheme to the installation of an automated line.
2. The simplest scheme of drip irrigation from plastic bottles: 4 possible options
If you have accumulated a large number of or canisters, do not rush to get rid of them. In addition to various decorative items that many people make to decorate their summer cottage, they can be used to make a complete irrigation system. 
Thus, you can ensure high-quality soil moisture for 2-4 days. From the observations of many summer residents, we deduced a small statistics, which says that a 1 liter bottle can irrigate tomatoes and cucumbers for 4-5 days, a 3 liter bottle for 10 days, and a 6 liter bottle for 2 weeks.
Water consumption depends on the type of soil you are growing your crop in. The number of required holes also depends on this, which will provide sufficient watering, but at the same time avoid underfilling and overflowing. For example, sandy soils absorb moisture well and only need one hole in the bottom of the bottle, while heavy clay soils need more.
Optimal is the use of a plastic system in small areas. In large areas, you will spend too much time and effort refilling bottles with water. Also, such a system can be effectively used for fertilizing and feeding various crops. However, only water-soluble additives that do not have solid particles should be used so as not to clog the holes.
Consider everything advantages and disadvantages of such a system:
- Significantly lower water consumption compared to manual watering with a hose or watering can;
- Continuous operation of the system that does not require your participation;
- Minimum organization costs;
- The possibility of an individual approach to each plant;
- Easy installation and maintenance;
- Targeted entry of moisture.
Now oh disadvantages:
- Due to the elementary design from a technical point of view, frequent clogging of the system is possible. This is due to the fact that it is impossible to install filters in bottles. Seasoned summer residents were able to find the same elementary solution to this problem - ladies' nylon tights. Even when particles of nylon get into the ground, it does not cause decay, but it has excellent throughput.
- It will be difficult to talk about the aesthetic pleasure that many experience when looking at their well-groomed plot with young shoots. Indeed, in this case, the entire garden will be “decorated” with plastic bottles;
- Limited supply of water, which constantly needs to be replenished with one's own hands;
- On very hot days, additional watering will still be required.
It cannot be said that the shortcomings are too critical, so consider manufacturing methods. Four types of irrigation system can be organized from plastic bottles, depending on their location. But be careful, all recommendations are focused on growing vegetables, in particular cucumbers and tomatoes.
Container position with lid up or down
This is the most versatile arrangement and is suitable for both greenhouse and outdoor use. Most gardeners use this method.
Procedure:
- Take a container of the size that suits you. Step back from its bottom 3 cm and pierce several holes with an awl or a gypsy needle. The number of holes is determined by the type of soil. They need to be pierced along the bottle before it begins to narrow towards the neck. On average, no more than 10 holes are made.
- Near the plant for which the container is intended, it is necessary to make a hole of the appropriate diameter and such a depth that only the narrow part of the bottle protrudes above the ground.
- Wrap the bottle with a thin cloth, lower it into the hole, then fill it with water and screw on the cap.
- As the container empties, it can deform under the pressure of the earth. To avoid this, pierce a small hole in the cap to equalize the pressure and replenish the water supply in a timely manner.
Such a system, although it is drip, but irrigation going on intrasoil. This eliminates the need to push the topsoil, because it remains dry. At the same time, plants are saturated with moisture faster, because water gets straight to the rhizomes. 
The irrigation system has the same principle of operation when arranging bottles lid down. Only order of execution slightly different:
Root watering with plastic bottles
This method is convenient in that you can direct the drops of water as accurately as possible to the desired location. Us required;
- Small bottles with caps, it is best to use 1.5 liter containers;
- Warmed up on gas or with a thick needle, it is necessary to make a hole in the center of the lid. To protect your hands from burns, hold the nail with pliers;
- First, decide on the optimal angle of inclination, and then cut off the bottom of the bottle at the same angle, so that more liquid can fit into it;
- Now you need to fix the bottle with a few sticks and tape as close to the bush as possible, tilting the neck so that the drops fall directly on the rhizome;
- Fill the bottle with water, see if moisture gets in there and if the mount can withstand the weight of the structure.
more convenient a similar method of watering will be if you purchase special cone-shaped plastic nozzles in the store, which are specially designed for root watering. You can also avoid the need to fasten the container at an angle so that it cannot be knocked down by a gust of strong wind. To do this, a full bottle of water is dug into the ground to a shallow depth. A hole of small diameter is pre-made in it so that it can be inserted into it. drinking tube.
It is very convenient to use tubes with an inclined end. The hole is located as close to ground level as possible. The tube is inserted into the hole, the junction can be smeared with silicone. The end of the tube must also be plugged. The liquid will not be supplied from it, but from a hole that you pierce yourself on its bottom. Point the tube under the roots and see where it is more convenient to do this. Now fill the bottle with water and screw on the cap. Your system is ready.
Suspended drip irrigation system
For small plots a hanging system is also suitable, which is very simple to manufacture. For this we required:
- Above the bushes, you need to build a support on which water bottles will be hung in the future. To do this, you can use a wooden beam of the appropriate length or metal pins with hooks. When sticking the support elements into the ground, be careful not to damage the roots of the plants;
- Prepare the required number of bottles - one between two bushes;
- Cut the bottoms of the bottles;
- Not reaching 1-1.5 cm before the cut, make two holes opposite each other. They will be threaded with twine, for which the container will be hung;
- Make one or more holes in the bottom of the bottle above the cork. Water will seep out of these holes.
- Hang the container over the bed, fill it with water and see where the drops fall. If necessary, move the bottles a little to avoid getting water on the leaves.
Recommended Height placing the system above ground level - 30-50 cm. In the future, you can add several holes to increase the intensity of water flow, so do not inject too much at once. If it's more convenient for you, you can make holes in the lid.
3. Do-it-yourself installation of a drip hose irrigation system
If you decide not to save on creating an irrigation system, then this correct solution. Made of high quality materials and fittings, it will serve you for many years. Remember what simpler circuit system, the more correctly it will work. Try to use as few connectors as possible. In the place of each such connection, the pressure weakens, and particles of small debris accumulate. let's consider simple layout diagram drip irrigation for a small area and calculate the amount of materials needed:
As you can see, there is nothing complicated in organizing a home-made irrigation system - the main thing is to correctly calculate the amount of materials needed.
4. Homemade system of medical droppers
Not less than effective way
irrigation is the use of ordinary medical droppers. Due to the fact that they are equipped with a special wheel, you can adjust the intensity of the liquid supply for each specific plant. To do this, you do not need to make several watering lines, which in turn can reduce the overall cost of organizing an irrigation system. Principle of operation almost identical to the one above. Only instead of special drip hoses, we will use ordinary rubber or polyethylene pipes. 
- Run the supply pipes throughout the site;
- The wiring diagram should be such that you can reach all the plants;
- Use tees to connect elements;
- Now connect the entire system to a water source. It can be either a storage tank or a central water supply;
- Install plugs at the end of each hose;
- Now, in front of each bush, make a hole in the hose.
- It is most convenient to pierce rubber with an awl, and plastic -;
- Insert the plastic end of the dropper into each hole;
- Dilute the dropper tubes under each bush and enjoy the excellent result.
There are also an easier way arrangement of irrigation system from medical droppers. 
In this case, droppers will be used together with a liquid container:
- In the required place, install a support for hanging the dropper. It can serve as an ordinary stick;
- Fill the tank with liquid, fix it on the support;
- As supply hoses, medical systems with thick needles or medical hoses with a diameter of 1-2 cm are used;
- Insert needles diagonally into the main hose and place the ends of the tubes in the right place.
Easier, probably, nowhere else. Droppers rarely get clogged, and even if they do, they are very easy to clean. TO shortcomings can be attributed to the rapid fouling of the system with algae when exposed to direct sunlight. To avoid this, you can cover the structure with a dark cloth.
In order to extend the life of any system, it is necessary to correctly and timely carry out technical service. For this you need:
- Clean the filter from accumulated debris once a week. In the future, you can do this less often if you see that a lot of deposits do not have time to accumulate between cleanings.
- Before the first watering, be sure to flush the entire system.
- If you want to use fertilizers, then you can add them directly to the storage tank. Choose easily soluble formulations. After spending the entire volume of water with fertilizers, the system must be flushed clean water. To remove residual impurities, it is enough to let it work for 10-15 minutes.
- If you want to dismantle the system in the fall, rinse it well and dry thoroughly beforehand.
- Then carefully fold the hoses or bands, cover them with a cloth or place them in boxes.
To prevent small rodents from spoiling the hoses, it is better to store them in a suspended state.
Now it’s not a problem to build a drip irrigation system for your dacha with your own hands without additional installation costs. You can buy accessories for a drop in specialized network or online stores, or use improvised materials and your ingenuity. The easiest option is to buy ready-made automated system watering, which you just need to collect.
The idea of drip irrigation arose among farmers in the last century, it was used to create irrigation systems for vegetable and melon crops in arid regions. The main purpose of such irrigation is the delivery of life-giving moisture exactly to the root zone of a vegetable plant (tomato, pepper, eggplant), fruit trees, shrubs or under bushes of garden strawberries.
The main element of the system is a water source, from which moisture is supplied to the desired part of the garden (garden) and drips into the ground in small portions. The supply and shutdown of water can be carried out automatically, by time, or upon reaching the desired level of soil moisture, or in manual mode.
Transport communications (pipes, tape, hose) must fit each plant and deliver water directly to the roots. The pressure is created using a pump or due to a height difference (raise the source to a sufficient height).
Benefits of drip irrigation
A list of the positives of drip irrigation, for those who still carry watering cans and hoses around the garden. First of all, this is a real saving of water, personal time and physical strength of the summer resident. This is already a big plus, especially if the water is not from a natural source, but from a paid water supply and the flow is controlled by a meter.
Reference
With properly organized watering, they save about 80% of water, fully satisfying the need for plants in moisture.
The use of a drop has a positive effect on plants:
- the soil is always moist, there is no excess and lack of moisture;
- optimal humidity in the root zone serves as a prevention of fungal infections, improves immunity;
- no sunburn;
- the system allows you to combine watering with root top dressing with fertilizers.
In the hot season, the owners of greenhouses are especially happy with the drop. Drip irrigation plus mulch and good ventilation provide plants with comfortable conditions and make life much easier for summer residents.
How to make drip irrigation with your own hands without high costs
In order to save the family budget, having a minimum set of tools in the country, many people do drip irrigation with their own hands from the available materials. Homemade designs improve the quality of irrigation.
You will need a source of water with a volume of at least 100 liters. Canisters, plastic barrels are suitable for this purpose. An important point is the installation height of the container, it should be at least 1 m, and preferably 1.5-2 m.
Important!
From the height at which the barrel is located, the pressure of water in the system will depend.
It is practical to place the container under the drain. This arrangement has two advantages: reduced consumption tap water, and rainwater contains ammonium and iron useful for horticultural crops. Water is supplied under bushes, trees, to the greenhouse on the ridges by garden hoses.
Cut the hose, make holes in it after the exact irrigation scheme is drawn. It is necessary to make allowances - cut segments of a slightly longer length than indicated in the diagram. Arrange the resulting pieces according to the drawing, connect, mount cranes in the right places. In the marked places, use a hot nail or drill to make holes for water supply.
Drip Irrigation Options
For those who like to do everything with their own hands, there is a choice different ways production of country drip irrigation. One option is to purchase at a gardening store:
- a hose for supplying water to the greenhouse (on the ridge);
- tapes of the required length;
- cranes;
- fittings.
There are ready-made kits on sale that have everything you need (tape, hoses, faucet, tee, ties) and assembly instructions, but you can quickly make a simple watering design using the advice of craftsmen.
Traditional design
IN country houses and in dachas, a classic irrigation scheme is in use, consisting of a barrel (source of water) and an extensive water supply system, consisting of pipes (hoses), plugs, special hoses (tapes), start connectors, tees and taps.
Pipes perform the function of a main conduit, through which water flows to plants in garden beds or in a greenhouse. Water is supplied to the plants through special hoses, in which droppers are mounted, when choosing which they look at the characteristics:
- productivity (l/hour);
- the interval between droppers for hoses is 0.2-1.5 m, for tapes 0.15-0.3 m;
- wall thickness of the tape (hose).
Reference
The optimum productivity of the hose is 1.2-4 l/h.
Thick wall hoses 20 mm or more are more expensive but have a longer life than thin wall hoses. The thickness of the drip tapes is less (0.12-0.4 mm), they have an oval shape, there are two types: seamless, glued. The length of the irrigation hose is allowed 250 m with a tape diameter of 16 mm and 450 m if the diameter is 22 mm.
Polypropylene pipes are laid from the source to the irrigation sleeves from a hose or tape; fittings are used to connect the structure. In order to disconnect the irrigation zone from the source, taps are installed in the system, they are placed after the tees so that debris does not clog the tape holes, a filter is installed on any source.
Do-it-yourself drip irrigation from plastic bottles
During the winter it is easy to accumulate a large number of plastic bottles from 1.5 to 2 liters. In the spring they will come in handy in the garden, with their help you can build the simplest design to deliver water to the root system. We are preparing a tool, for this we need a drill and a drill bit deuce (2 mm).
Reference
The volume of liquid poured into the bottle is enough for 3 days. For summer residents who occasionally come out of town, the design will help in organizing regular watering of moisture-loving crops (cucumbers, peppers) in the greenhouse and in the open field.
Steps for making a bottle drop:
- holes are drilled in the tire;
- the bottom of the container is cut, but not completely;
- at the bush (tomato, peppers, strawberries) in the area of \u200b\u200bthe roots, a recess is dug (no more than 15 cm);
- the bottle is placed in a recess, tilted at 45 ° to the level of the horizon;
- pour water.
Instead of a tire with holes, you can use purchased pegs for watering. They are put on the throat of the bottle, and stuck in the right place. The bottle design is suitable for root feeding. Instead of water, liquid fertilizer is poured.
Watering with medical droppers
Inexpensive medical droppers are used in the manufacture of a simple irrigation system for summer cottages. You will also need a polyethylene pipe with a diameter of 25 mm and tools: a drill with a 4 mm drill and a thick sewing needle.
With a needle in the flask from the dropper, the filter is picked out, and the required number of holes are drilled in the pipe with a drill, under the droppers. The pipes are laid out over the site, welded, the source is equipped with a tap and a filter.
Important!
To prevent dirt from the bottom of the barrel from entering the system, a tap hole is drilled at a height of 7 cm from the bottom of the tank.
Following the tap, they put a filter for water purification, and a pipe of the central line is attached to it. One end of the dropper is inserted into the holes drilled in the pipes, the other end with the dispenser is attached to a peg and installed in the place of irrigation. The rate of water supply is regulated by clamps.
Drip irrigation from polypropylene pipes
Polypropylene pipes serve for many years, they do not rust and are easily interconnected by welding. In addition to pipes, you need to have:
- a barrel of 100 or more liters;
- crane (ball);
- water filter;
- tees;
- cranes.
First, a diagram is drawn indicating the exact dimensions and designation of irrigation points. Calculate the total length of the pipes and the number of branches. The drive is raised to a height of 1.5-2 m, a crane is inserted into its lower part, while retreating from the bottom by 7-10 cm. A 100-liter capacity is enough to provide moisture for 50 m² of a garden.
One end of the central line is connected to the tank (filter), a plug is attached to the second, in addition, each outlet must end with a plug. Holes are drilled in pipes (bends). When all the parts are assembled, the container is filled, the tap is opened and it is checked whether water enters the ridges.
Underground drip irrigation
Underground irrigation reduces the evaporation of moisture, and therefore reduces the amount of water used. It takes less time to fight weeds, they do not grow in the absence of surface watering. A big plus of underground irrigation is the absence of a crust, the soil on the surface is always loose, which provides good oxygen access to the roots.
It is good to have an underground drip irrigation system in a greenhouse: communications do not take up usable area, the humidity of air and soil is normal, and there is no oxygen starvation in plants.
Required Tools
First of all, you need a shovel. We'll have to dig trenches, since all communications will be underground. Of the tools you need a drill and scissors. Holes are drilled in pipes with a drill, plastic film is cut with scissors. Pipes for underground irrigation take polypropylene, in order to connect them, you will need a basic set of tools:
- soldering iron;
- steel knife;
- hacksaw;
- pencil and tape measure.
Simple soldering irons for propylene are not expensive, but they do not have to be purchased, they can be rented for a short time.
Manufacturing and installation process
First, they draw a diagram and take measurements, determine the required length of pipes. For underground irrigation, polyethylene pipes with a diameter of 20 to 40 mm are suitable. Holes with a diameter of 2-3 mm are drilled with the desired step of 20-40 cm, using a drill.
Important!
A water filter must be installed on the water tank.
The trenches are dug to the depth of the roots according to the developed scheme, the distance between the trenches is 40-90 cm and the installation is started:
- polyethylene strips are laid on the bottom and walls;
- a layer of crushed stone is poured over the polyethylene, its thickness is at least 4 cm;
- pipes are laid on the drainage layer;
- pipes are soldered, covered with geotextiles, covered with gravel and soil.
The water tank is raised above the ground so that the height difference provides pressure in the system. The line is connected to the source with a flexible hose through the filter.
If you don't want to use your hands
Busy people have no time to engage in the manufacture of home-made structures and independent selection of components for irrigation, they prefer to buy ready-made systems. Industrial irrigation systems are popular with summer residents:
- AquaDusya, AquaDusya Water Tap, AquaDusya automatic machine;
- Water Strider;
- irrigation systems from Gardena;
- Dewdrop;
- Harvest;
- PDA 24K.
Choosing a drip irrigation system
For summer residents who rarely come to the country, the Water strider, AquaDusya automatic machine, PDA 24K are suitable. These systems are equipped with automation, the irrigation mode is set, and greenhouses and garden beds are watered when the owner is not at the dacha, or he is busy with other things.
There are Rosinka, KPK 24, Harvest, Gardena sets without automation, which manually regulate the volume of water supply and connection (disconnection). Most industrial drip irrigation systems are designed to supply water from a barrel. The AquaDusya Water Tap and Gardena sets can work from the water supply and from the pumping station.
Reference
In the absence of electricity in the country, they purchase sets in which the automation is powered by batteries.
When buying, they evaluate the performance of the system and their needs:
- irrigation area;
- the number of ridges;
- type of vegetable crops.
Each vegetable or horticultural crop requires a certain amount of water per watering.
Installation of the system in a greenhouse or vegetable garden
Installation begins with the installation and equipment of the water tank. They make a tap for connecting to the water supply and a tap for connecting to the main pipe going to the irrigation site. The tank is installed on a support.
Connect the filter first, then the automation (timer, controller). To extend the service life, they are recommended to be placed in plastic technological boxes that protect the automation from rain and dust.
Proceed to the installation of the irrigation system:
- between the beds (in the greenhouse) lay the highway;
- using fittings (corners, tees), branches (branches) are made in the necessary places;
- holes are drilled in the main pipe;
- droppers or irrigation tapes are inserted into the holes;
- tapes are placed in the irrigation zone, droppers are distributed in places for planting;
- fill the container with water;
- doing a test run.
The automation setting is done after assessing the quality of irrigation. The timer (controller) sets the frequency and time of watering.
How to automate the process, "smart drip irrigation" with your own hands
Smart automation (timer, controller, sensors) makes life easier for the summer resident. Installing a timer (electromechanical, electric) on a water source allows you to supply and turn off water automatically at specified intervals.
In order for the timer to work, the pressure in the system is maintained using a pump, when choosing, the characteristics are evaluated:
- power;
- noise produced during operation;
- resistance to chemical compounds.
That is, the motor must be powerful enough, not noisy and not responsive to fertilizer solutions. With an unstable pressure level, a pressure reducer is installed.
With the help of the controller, a program is set that controls watering for several days. Automation with the help of sensors analyzes the indicators:
- water pressure;
- soil moisture level;
- air temperature.
Controllers are single-channel and multi-channel. In an extensive drip irrigation system, you can install several single-channel timers.
Conclusion
It takes a little time to assemble the irrigation system. There are no works of high complexity, so any man who knows how to use a drill will assemble it. The family budget will tell you which is better, a home-made drop from improvised materials, or a ready-made system of domestic or foreign production. In order not to waste time on troubleshooting and repairs, you need to make accurate measurements, draw a diagram and carry out the installation correctly.
Plants that are grown in a greenhouse with their own hands require sun, heat and moisture. However, it is problematic to continuously water in the country with your own hands, while observing the norms of watering and pauses. It is for this reason that many greenhouse owners equip an irrigation system. Can buy prefabricated structures or use improvised materials in order to make drip irrigation with your own hands. It is worth knowing that such drip irrigation systems are practically in no way inferior to expensive systems that are sold in stores. Such devices do not require plumbing.
In most cases, these types of irrigation systems are used today:
- sprinkling;
- drip system;
- watering inside the soil.
Sprinkler irrigation is suitable for watering plants in a greenhouse from above. In this case, micro-irrigation devices are used, as well as special nozzles for spraying. The disadvantage is the settling of drops of moisture on the leaves of plants. To eliminate them, you will need to shake the plants.
The design principle of drip irrigation is as follows: a drip hose is connected to the spray element, water is turned on, after which, at the required pressure, the sprinkler will begin to spray the liquid. You can also buy expensive rotary type sprinklers, which have a more complex design and good reviews. With the help of such devices it will be possible to produce uniform micro-drop irrigation in the greenhouse.
Irrigation inside the soil is used for irrigation perennials in a greenhouse. To implement a drip irrigation system in a greenhouse with your own hands, you will need to buy ribbed hoses and tubes. It is not recommended to save on this stage otherwise the system will quickly become unusable.
Drip irrigation technology means that liquid enters only the zone where the roots are located, and therefore it can be fully used by plants. The hoses of such a drip irrigation system can be placed both in the soil and on its basis - in each case, the plants will be provided with the right amount of moisture. Thus, the plants will receive additional protection from severe frosts, since the humidity of the earth will be high.
Drip irrigation is suitable for greenhouses in which there is no access to a large volume of liquid. It should be understood that hoses are needed for a large-volume greenhouse irrigation system. The drip irrigation system is designed for use in greenhouses where there is little liquid in the system. In this case, it will be possible to use a barrel, which is located at a height of 1.6-2 m above the ground.
Ultimately, you will get:
- high-quality yield in large quantities;
- good indicators of the use of fertilizer for drip irrigation;
- reducing the susceptibility of plants to diseases.
It is worth noting that in this case weeds will not be able to develop, and the soil will be able to "breathe".
Different crops are planted at different times, so the main details of the structure can be installed as early as April. In the process of planting plants, it will be possible to connect additional tapes.
Organization of drip irrigation suburban area very different from the arrangement of irrigation on a large field. The essence is the same - a hose or tape is laid out along the rows of grown plants, after which liquid is supplied through droppers. You can organize micro-drip irrigation or supply water with a small jet.
Speaking about how to do drip irrigation yourself, it is worth noting that you need to take care of the optimal pressure in the system. For this, pumping structures will be needed. With high pressure, the tapes will need to be replaced with durable hoses.
The cost of a drip irrigation system for a small area is low, since the hoses can be used regularly for 18-20 years. There are labyrinths inside the hoses. As a result, the same amount of liquid will be supplied under each plant.
On a plot with a garden, it is not necessary to equip a system with high pressure. In this case, water should not get into the entire corners of the system, so expensive drip hoses can be replaced with irrigation tapes. When choosing a manufacturer, you need to pay attention to reviews.
From the sun's rays, the elements can be covered with mulch. Such a design can be easily dismantled and placed in a garage in the winter. Due correct installation drip irrigation, it will be possible to extend the life of the irrigation tape for several years.
Mounting accessories
To make homemade drip irrigation, you will need the following elements:
- emitter tape for drip irrigation;
- polyethylene water pipe with a diameter of 30 mm;
- drip irrigation scheme for a greenhouse indicating all the components of the structure;
- plastic tank;
- fittings with which it will be possible to connect the individual parts of the polyethylene tube;
- controller;
- photo of the finished structure;
- tap;
- futorka;
- water purification filter;
- injector for drip irrigation;
- couplings;
- hoses;
- fittings or taps with a sealing element made of rubber;
- nozzles.
An important element is the water filter. The part must be such that it can be easily disassembled and washed by hand. It should be understood that this operation will need to be repeated periodically. The filter needs to be cleaned if the tank is not airtight and various debris gets into it. If the filter is not cleaned regularly, the entire drip irrigation device will become clogged with debris. As a result, it will be necessary to disassemble the system and replace most parts.
For laying irrigation, you will need a corner or a tee, as well as a piece of pipe that corresponds in length to the height to which the tank rises above the ground. This segment will need to connect the corner and the supply unit of the tank. A tube must be attached to the corner, from which moisture is transferred to the drip tapes for irrigation.
How to build an irrigation system
Installation of drip irrigation is carried out according to the scheme, which is shown in photo 1.
Drip irrigation cannot be implemented by making recesses in an old rubber hose. First of all, you will need to create the necessary pressure inside the structure so that micro-drop irrigation occurs evenly throughout the hose. This is especially important in cases where there is an uneven ground base. The drip system can be made using PVC pipes or metal products. A good option is to use rigid hoses.
Water from such tubes will seep into the soil at the junction. Additionally, you will need to make the required number of small holes. To avoid clogging the system under the tubes, it will be necessary to add gravel, and then cover the flooring with plastic wrap. This material can cover the upper part of the tubes.
The sequence of actions will be as follows:
- First of all, you need to determine a place for a plastic tank. Water consumption during drip irrigation will depend on the pressure in the structure. For example, an emitter strip will consume approximately 4 l / h, but this is at a pressure of 1 bar. If the barrel is raised by 1 m, then the pressure in the structure will be only 0.1 bar. This is enough to start watering, but several times less fluid will be consumed. Accordingly, on warm days it will be possible to use the system on an ongoing basis.
- Next, you will need to make a tie-in into the tank, stepping back from the bottom 5-7 cm. Garbage constantly accumulates at the bottom, so you should take care that it does not fall into the structure.
- Above the bed, which will need to be watered, you need to place a horizontal support element. The part should be located at a height of 1.3 m above the ground.
- Several plastic containers will need to be fixed on the support element. At the bottom of each of them you need to drill holes in the right amount.
- You will need to insert a plastic needle into the recesses.
- Next, you will need to pour water into the container. The flow rate should be set so that all drops seep out of the extreme part of the dropper.
This system can be seen in photo 2.
You can buy in stores and ready-made equipment for drip irrigation. The scheme may include the installation of a timer that sets the exact amount of fluid supplied. An autonomous system can be made by installing a pumping structure and automation devices.
As a result, you can not worry about diseases of the earth.
To install drip irrigation with your own hands in a greenhouse, you will need plumbing. Having this element is a big advantage.
Building a system with a ready-made kit
Instead of buying a ready-made system, you can build a structure yourself. You only need to purchase a budget Cicle Greenhouse irrigation kit and filters.
Preparatory work to be done
You will need to prepare a plan of the territory indicating all the beds that require watering. It is necessary to consider the location of all system pipes and hoses for drip irrigation.
On the diagram, it will be necessary to mark all the places for fastening the tubes - this is necessary in order to correctly calculate the required number of elements for fasteners and taps. Fittings, tees or starter connectors can be used as elements for fixing. The latter are mounted in a tube. The type of plants affects the calculation of the number of droppers. For example, for vegetables, the optimal distance between droppers is from 0.3 to 1.5 m.
It is recommended to use plastic main pipes, as they are of low cost and will not rust. In addition, these parts can be used to move liquid plant fertilizers. To do this, you will need to install an injector for drip irrigation.
Installing a liquid container
At the next stage, you will need to take a barrel and fix it at a height of 1.2-1.6 m above the place where drip irrigation will be located in the greenhouse. Next, the prepared container must be connected to a centralized water supply system.
Another option is to fill the container with a hose or run a drain pipe from a private house and fill the container with rainwater from time to time. The latter option is budgetary and can be used only as a last resort. During the day, the liquid in the container will heat up, at night it will be possible to turn on warm and pleasant watering for vegetation in the country house with your own hands. Be sure to cover the tank from the rays of the sun, otherwise the water may bloom. It is worth taking care that the liquid does not heat up too much. Most plants have a negative attitude towards hot water.
From the suspended container, it is necessary to lay the main pipe, the thickness of which must be at least 25 mm. In this case, you can use a polyethylene tube - it will be easy to drill holes of the required size in it.
All hoses can be laid in the ground, buried or hung on support elements. The simplest and most budgetary option is to lay hoses in the soil. However, in this case, care should be taken that the parts to be mounted are opaque.
Calculation of the irrigation tape and installation of the starter
Next, you will need to calculate the optimal number of rows in the greenhouse. This must be done if it is planned to lay irrigation tape under the rows. If you plan to make 10 rows of 15 m, then you will need 150 m of tape. It is recommended to buy this item with a margin.
In order for the irrigation tape to serve for a long time, you will need to install a fine water filter. The presence of this element will increase the service life of the structure. Be sure to calculate the number of elements to filter. The tapes have emitters with labyrinths that are able to equalize the pressure of the liquid along the length of the tape. It is these elements that are clogged with small particles. The filter and the tube adapter are mounted after connecting the tap to the plastic tank.
The tube is installed perpendicular to the beds. The extreme part can be plugged or a crane can be mounted to flush the structure.
Next, you will need to install the starter or minicrane. For it, you need to prepare a hole in the main tube with a diameter of approximately 15 mm. When the hole is drilled, you will need to insert rubber sealing elements and starters. At the end of the row, the tape for drip irrigation of the fields will need to be drowned out. To do this, you need to cut off the extreme part by a few centimeters, after which the end of the tape will need to be twisted. The cut off part should be put on the twisted end.
Opposite each irrigation strip, it will be necessary to make a hole for mounting a fitting for connection. When all the connectors are installed, you will need to connect the tape to them. At the end, it will need to be muffled. To do this, you will need to cut a piece of tape 1 cm wide under the ring, fold the end of the tape and put on the ring.
You can also use ready-made plugs. If they could not be found on sale, a similar part can be made of wood. Another option is to “bond” hoses with heat treatment. To do this, heat the extreme part of the tube and the ends of the hoses with a candle flame, and then squeeze it strongly with pliers.
Next, you will need to mount an electrical controller that runs on batteries. However, it will be possible to install and connect all purchased devices only after the formation of the beds. The controller will automate the system.
Do-it-yourself drip irrigation (video)
Launch of fabricated structure
Before watering, you will need to thoroughly rinse the installed structure. To do this, you need to dismantle the plugs and lower them into the water. We must wait until only pure liquid begins to flow. When the drip irrigation system for greenhouses is up and running, it will only need to occasionally clean the filters. Such actions guarantee a long service life of the system.
The disadvantage of the design is that all plants will receive the same amount of water. To solve this problem, it will be necessary to foresee the seating of plants in the correct groups.
The system should be chosen based on what watering in the greenhouse you will need to do with your own hands. You should take into account the type of plants, the size of the greenhouse and the ability to visit it periodically. Thanks to the drip irrigation system for greenhouses, it will be possible to grow plants in polyethylene bags, while they will not be afraid of frost.
The reservoir must be plastic, as even a little rust can clog the grooves in the tape. The system will cease to function fully, which can adversely affect the plants. The filter must be cleaned at least 4 times a month from accumulated debris. Fertilizers can be applied directly to the structure, but they must be easily soluble in water. After that, the tank will definitely need to be filled with filtered water and turn on the device for irrigation for at least 7-10 minutes.
In the autumn, the system will need to be disassembled, washed and hidden in the garage.
Features of using the system
You can also use a design of this type for watering domestic plants. It can be, for example, freshly transplanted seedlings of flowers.
Quite often, a drip irrigation system produces uneven watering of a large area. With economical watering, water will flow poorly from the extreme holes, falling only into the first ones. With an increase in pressure, the flow rate of the liquid can increase several times, while the plants may suffer from excess moisture.
There is a solution for such a problem: you will need to mount a special part called a dispenser. With this element, you can adjust the pressure. A drip dispenser can be purchased or made independently from a plastic container.
Do-it-yourself drip irrigation for a small area (video)
Drip irrigation is a winning option for any climate. Such irrigation works great even with minimal pressure, it is easy to clean and collect for the winter. The system can be buried into the ground for longer life or placed on the ground. If for the winter it will be necessary to remove the hoses from the beds, then it will be necessary to remove moisture from them. To do this, you need to lift the hose by the extreme part, and then hold it in the air for a while so that the water drains. Such a hose can easily be wound on a reel and stored in the basement until spring.
You can not only buy a ready-made drip irrigation system, but also order the services of specialists in order to install the drip irrigation of the garden. However, summer residents who do not want to spend a large amount of money can assemble a similar design with their own hands. This approach will save you a lot of money. Speaking about how to do drip irrigation with your own hands, you should know that you only need to follow the technology and prepare all the necessary details.
As a result, it will be possible to obtain quality system, which can not only accelerate crop growth, but also ease labor costs on the site.
Gallery: do-it-yourself drip irrigation (15 photos)
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One of the main directions in the cultivation of any plant is saturation with moisture (watering). It is especially important to ensure necessary quantity water, young seeds and seedlings in the early stages of development. A lot of garden and indoor crops are abundantly watered directly when planting in open ground or in greenhouses.
But no less important factor rapid growth most garden crops is to provide life-giving moisture during the active growing season. However, not all plants require the same amount of water. Some prefer to grow in conditions of high soil moisture, while others develop in drier soil. How to solve such a problem?
In order to qualitatively and proportionally distribute water between plants, there are special systems that are developed by both gardeners themselves and professionals. This system is called drip irrigation. In the country, it is used with great efficiency. You no longer need to walk around with hand-held garden tools (watering cans, buckets, sprayers, sprinklers), as well as stretching the hose for garden watering every time and wasting time on this activity. 
You can make drip irrigation in the country with your own hands. To do this, you do not need to have special professional skills, it is enough to study the assembly diagrams well and acquire necessary materials(drum and piping system). You can buy everything you need to carry out this task with home delivery in the online store. There are also less complicated ways to organize drip irrigation of beds in the country, the implementation of which requires a minimum of material costs and skills ( plastic bottles in various interpretations).
How to independently make drip irrigation in the country? What options exist and how to implement them?
Drip irrigation systems for summer cottages
There are several options for drip systems that are used by summer residents to organize watering beds. One of the most difficult at first glance, but the most effective, are drip irrigation systems, consisting of a pump for water supply, a tank (a metal or plastic container for water supply), a piping system with special holes for spraying, connecting fittings. For giving, this option is best used, but in the presence of large beds that can reach more than 10 m long. For small household plots, such drip irrigation systems are also successfully used. It takes less time to install and maintain them. 
The principle of operation of such systems lies in the operation of one of the laws of physics - communicating vessels. According to the law, water in communicating vessels is distributed equally, regardless of the parameters (length, width or shape). Thus, water in such a drip irrigation system for a summer residence (garden) is equally supplied through all pipelines, maintaining the required pressure. The barrel is installed at a certain height from the surface on special props (a metal or wooden frame can be used). Communications are connected to it: on the one hand, irrigation pipelines laid out throughout the site in horizontal lines, and on the other, water supply from the main water supply or own well (well).
It should be noted that if there is a well and there is no central water supply, an additional pump must be installed. It provides uninterrupted pumping of water into the tank.
Irrigation of a garden or garden bed takes place in small portions and directly under root system plants. Thus, the maximum effect of water ingress into the soil is ensured.
Having dealt with the drawings and the principle of operation, you can proceed with the installation. Home-made drip irrigation in the country should begin with planning the site and drawing on it a schematic representation of all the branches of the watering pipes. The diagram also indicates their length, the location of the container, the method of filling it with water (pump, manual filling with buckets, rainwater).
Typical work plan for installation and drip irrigation devices for summer cottages:
On a blank piece of paper (you can use special programs on a personal computer), we draw a diagram of a garden plot with the application of existing plantations that need to be provided with moisture, as well as communications (well, central water pipe, main hose, other sources of barrel filling). It is necessary to measure the distance between the rows and the length of the rows. Such detailed diagram will allow you to accurately calculate the amount of material needed.
It is necessary to plan the placement of the tank and pay special attention to this. Depending on the filling method, the drip irrigation barrel in the country should be placed ergonomically and rationally. If a pump is used to supply water to a container, then it can be placed anywhere in the site, but not far from the garden and from the source of supply. Mostly, you need to put the barrel as close to the garden as possible. Installation height varies depending on the relief of the site (1-2.5 m.)
After installing the container, you need to plan the laying of the drip irrigation hose for the cottage (see photo). One branched hose is calculated per bed. Branching with drip tapes is done using special connectors. The central hose in relation to the tank is installed only perpendicular to the bed. It is attached to the container with the help of starting fittings. 
To install the fitting, a hole is made in the tank, just above the bottom, using a drill with a drill of the desired diameter (usually 1/2 inch) or using a metal crown. After inserting the main pipe with branches, it is necessary to plan the insertion of a filter to purify the water that comes for irrigation from the tank. If this is not done, debris can often clog drippers, which will noticeably affect the functionality of drip irrigation.
Drip tapes in rows are installed as close to the garden crop as possible. Droppers should also be aimed at the base of the plant.- Central
the main water supply pipe to the tank is attached using a mortise fitting with an adapter. In the well, it is joined to the pump. You can also use not deep pumps, but external pumping stations to organize drip irrigation in the country. The only negative is that under it you need to dig and equip a pit. 
When everything is done, you can fill the container with water and check the entire system. The use of drip irrigation in the country will solve the problem of moisture deficiency in the docile periods during the growing season of plants.
The first start-up of the irrigation system should be carried out with flushing of all pipes and droppers. To do this, all plugs are removed, and water is driven out.
There are also innovative systems - automatic drip irrigation. In the country, their use is rational in the event that there are several garden plots and you can’t keep track of everyone. Then special sensors are installed that activate the water supply at the right time, according to the settings. In small areas, this is very costly.
The main advantages of drip irrigation:
- Since watering is carried out directly under the stem, it is possible to apply fertilizer in liquid form without harming the plant.
- Saving the physical strength of a person, time for organizing irrigation, and also allows you to rationally and economically spend and evenly distribute water.
- The possibility of drying out of the soil and its waterlogging is excluded.
- Such a system is used for all types of garden crops, as well as garden shrubs and trees (even for irrigating ornamental plants).
- Regular feeding of plants.
Disadvantages of this irrigation system:
- Costs for the purchase of materials, pump and component parts.
- Requires constant care. The droppers and filter need to be cleaned frequently.
- The cost of electricity for pumping water into a barrel.
Despite all the disadvantages, reviews of drip irrigation in the country say that there are much more advantages. And most importantly, it is a high-quality and large harvest, which cannot be achieved without timely watering.
Drip irrigation from plastic bottles to give
In order not to spend money on the purchase and arrangement of an automatic irrigation system through a tank and a piping system, resourceful gardeners came up with other methods for organizing drip irrigation in the country - plastic bottles.
As practice shows, the use of such an irrigation system is effective if it is necessary to provide plants with the necessary amount of moisture in small areas for 3-5 days. It happens that a person does not appear at the dacha often (mostly on weekends). Thus, plastic containers will be most welcome. How to make drip irrigation in the country from plastic bottles? To ensure the irrigation of garden crops, it is necessary to take containers with a volume of 1.5 to 3 liters. You can take a larger container, but its use is only advisable when growing garden plants that require more moisture than many garden crops.
Drip watering with bottles in the country is carried out in two ways:
Using these drip irrigation methods, it is also possible to feed the plants with liquid fertilizers. These are the cheapest and least expensive methods of drip irrigation. The only drawback is the hassle and time consuming to cut holes and create a frame for hanging bottles. Despite this, many summer residents effectively use plastic bottles to supply a garden or garden with water.
