"World Labor" - Open unemployment. Average annual open unemployment rate. Demographic problems of developing countries. The concept of demographic transition and its stages. Centers and main flows of labor immigration. The problem of employment. Labor resources of the world economy. Economic and social consequences.
“Demand and supply for labor” - Labor competition. Work saves a person from three main evils. Market volume. Labor force conditions. Structure of the labor market by profession. Supply and demand for labor. Demand. Labor market. Classification of markets. Unemployment statistics. Satisfied demand. Labor resources. Labor supply.
“Employment of the population” - Possible forms of non-standard (atypical) employment regimes. Labor leasing. Labor resources. Demographic load level. The most common atypical forms of employment abroad. Part-time work is employment through which income is generated. Currently, the expression “labor resources” is used.
“Labor market” - Should construction workers be included in the labor market supply? What is the labor market? Types of labor markets. Farm growing tomatoes. Statement. Labor market. How demand is formed in the labor market. Labor mobility. Law of demand in the labor market. Developed labor market. Owners. Derived demand.
“Russian Labor Resources” - Forecast balance of labor resources. Forecasting methodology. Forecast of the balance of labor resources in Russia. Balance Sheet Calculation of Youth Engagement. Draft Federal Law “On Employment in the Russian Federation”. Consolidated planned balance sheet. Application (use) of forecasting methodology. Quantitative forecast. Planning in the USSR.
"Household Economics" - Labor shortage. Factors influencing labor supply. Marginal product of labor. The labor force consists of: employed (employed) unemployed (unemployed). Labor stimulation. Conclusions (1). Vilfredo Pareto. Salary, thousand rubles Number of employees, thousand people. Wage.
Unemployment
The presentation was prepared by economics teacher MBOU Secondary School No. 3 Tatyana Petrovna Borzilova, Verkhnyaya Salda
The purpose of the lesson:
- Define: “Who are the unemployed?”
- How is the unemployment rate calculated?
- Types of unemployment
- State actions to reduce the level
unemployment
- Features of unemployment in Russia
- Solving problems on the topic
Who are the unemployed?
The entire population of the country
141 million people
Working population
(labor resources)
Disabled population
Voluntarily unoccupied
18.8 million people
95 million people
46 million people
(children,
(housewives
76.2 million people
Busy
pensioners, etc.)
and etc.)
3=71 million people
Unemployed
B= 5.2 million people.
Who are they?
Disabled population– persons under 16 years of age or who have reached retirement age, as well as
not working due to health reasons.
Working population:
Voluntarily unemployed– able-bodied people who voluntarily do not work for hire or for an individual. enterprises (pupils and full-time students over 16 years old, housewives)
Economically active population (labor force) – employed + unemployed
Busy – people working full time as employees or in individual enterprises.
In this case, the person is considered busy,
if it doesn't work for the following reasons:
- is sick, on vacation, on strike, due to natural disasters.
- is sick, on vacation, on strike, due to natural disasters.
- is sick, on vacation, on strike, due to natural disasters.
- sick,
- is on vacation
- is on strike
- due to natural disasters.
Unemployed – people who do not have a job, want to get it and are actively looking for it.
Unemployment
Unemployment- a socio-economic phenomenon that involves the lack of work among people who make up the economically active population.
Unemployment rate =
Unemployed
____________________ * 100 %
Employed + Unemployed
(5.2 million people/76.2 million people)*100%= 6,8%
The unemployment rate is the most important indicator of the state of the economy.
Task
Calculate the unemployment rate in a country with a population of 100 million people. Of these, 24 million are children under 16 years of age,
30 million people have dropped out of the labor force due to age, 4.6 million people are unemployed, 1 million people are underemployed and looking for work.
Answer: 10 %
Unemployment in Russia
Unemployment in Russia has been trending downward over recent years. At the beginning of 2011 it was 7.8%, currently it is about 5.4%.
From the beginning of autumn 2014 to the beginning of 2015, there was an increase in unemployment due to staff reductions. At the beginning of 2014, unemployment remained at the same level as in the last months of 2013. In the first half of 2014, there was a gradual decline in the unemployment rate and a noticeable increase in the level from mid-summer to the end of 2014. The unemployment rate at the end of 2014, according to the Federal State Statistics Service, was 5.3%.
The lowest unemployment at the moment is in Moscow - less than 1%, the highest in Ingushetia - more than 40%.
According to data as of June 1, 2015, in the Sverdlovsk region the number of officially registered unemployed citizens is more than 33 thousand people. The number of unemployed according to the ILO methodology (the total number of citizens who do not have a job but are actively looking for it) is about 151 thousand people.
More than 10 thousand people in the Sverdlovsk region work part-time. The overall unemployment rate in the Sverdlovsk region increased to 6.6% (as of June 1, 2014 - 5%).
As practice shows, this figure is much higher, since so-called hidden unemployment is growing in the region.
Types of unemployment:
Frictional unemployment –
- employees who are in the process of changing jobs (moving to another city),
- when moving to a new place of work,
- job seekers for the first time (university and college graduates),
- re-entering the labor force after voluntarily refusing to work (mothers who raised children).
Government measures:
- Information about job availability,
- Employment services,
- Increasing labor mobility (creating a developed housing market, abolishing registration).
Structural unemployment -
- Workers who are unable to occupy existing jobs due to the lack of necessary skills and abilities to produce a new type of product that is in demand in the market.
- Seasonal unemployment (tourism, agriculture and forestry, etc.) – loss of work in the off-season.
Government measures:
- Subsidies for education,
- Training and retraining of workers,
- Creation of temporary jobs,
- Increasing labor mobility.
Cyclical unemployment -
- workers laid off during a general economic downturn.
Government measures:
- stimulating export growth as a boost to production and employment growth,
- investing in the reconstruction and modernization of enterprises,
- encouraging foreign investment in the economy,
- creating conditions for the growth of self-employment, supporting small businesses.
Natural unemployment
Inability to avoid frictional and structural – This is natural unemployment.
If the unemployment rate = natural, this is full employment.
The economic potential of a country (GNP potential) is the volume of production at full employment.
If the unemployment rate is 1% higher than the natural rate, production falls by 2.5%.
- Part-time employment
- The work does not meet the qualifications,
- Frustrated employee.
Unemployment as a negative phenomenon
Economically – incomplete use of production resources, less production of goods and services, decreased demand, decreased level of well-being.
Socially – exacerbation of problems of poverty, crime, antisocial behavior.
Determine the type of unemployment: The following are the workers who are unemployed. Using the definitions of the three types of unemployment, indicate what type of unemployment - frictional, structural (including seasonal) or cyclical - each of the listed workers represents:
- Recent college graduate looking for his first job -
frictional
2. Former employee of a steel mill that closed due to obsolete equipment
– structural
3. An employee dismissed by an agricultural company at the end of the harvest -
structural, seasonal
4. A carpenter fired due to a decline in housing construction due to rising bank interest rates -
cyclical
Determine the type of unemployment:
5. An employee who left his job to move to another city to be with his family
Frictional.
6. Closure of a number of coal mines and mass layoffs of miners due to the construction of power plants using oil as an energy source
Structural.
7. In May 2005, Andrey graduated from the university. Having rested well for 1.5 months, he began to look for work and after 2 weeks he was hired to harvest strawberries. When the cleaning period ended after 2 months, Andrei was fired. It will be taken into account when calculating
– frictional and seasonal unemployment.
Determine the type of unemployment:
8. A school graduate would like to get a job. Despite the fact that newspapers are full of offers, active searches do not yield results due to lack of experience and qualifications. This event will be counted as -
structural unemployment.
9. The housewife decided to go to work and began looking for a job.
– frictional.
10. The closure of military production led to the dismissal of workers
– structural.
Task
There were 10 million people in the country in August. unemployed and 90 million people. busy.
- Determine the size of the labor force, the unemployment rate and the employment rate.
- In September, out of 90 million people who had jobs, 0.5 million people were laid off. What is the number of employees now?
- During October, 1 million people. of the unemployed stopped looking for work due to constant refusals, citing the fact that they have brown eyes. Determine the size of the labor force, the number of unemployed people, and the unemployment rate in October. What have the desperate become?
Right answers:
1) 100 million people, 10%, 90%.
2) 89.5 million people.
3) Unemployed – 9.5 million people, slave. strength – 99 million people,
unemployment rate – 9.6%, hidden unemployment.
Conclusion
- Labor is a necessary condition of human life, and labor gives benefit to man
(L. Tolstoy)
- Motivation to work is part of motivation to live (E. Voutilainen)
- Hiring is the victory of hope over experience (E. Voutilainen)
- Without work, a person cannot maintain his human dignity (L. Tolstoy)
- An idle life is a premature death. (Goethe)
Homework
Write a syncwine on the topic: “Unemployment”
Rule for writing syncwine
Line 1 – theme of the poem
Line 2 – description of the topic in TWO words,
as a rule, adjectives;
Line 3 – description of the action within this topic in THREE words, usually verbs;
Line 4 is a phrase of FOUR words. expressing the author’s attitude to the topic;
Line 5 – ONE word synonymous with the first one, repeating the essence of the topic on an emotional-figurative or philosophical-generalized level
Topic 3. UNEMPLOYMENT Lesson 1. POPULATION STRUCTURE
Choose definitions for the concepts. Population of the country Labor force (economically active population) Employed Unemployed Retired (economically passive population) a) People of working age who do not have a job, are actively looking for it and are ready to start working immediately. b) People of working age who do not have a job and are not looking for one. c) People with jobs d) All citizens of a given country, regardless of their gender and age. e) The entire working population from 16 years to retirement age.
Population structure (scheme) population ………………… .. ……………………… ……… . …………. labor force, employed, unemployed, retired
Population structure (outline) population Labor force (economically active population) Retired (economically passive population) Employed Unemployed 1. Housewives 2. Pensioners 3. Disabled people 4. Students 5. Students 6. Homeless people
2) Write the formulas: Population = Labor force = Employed = Unemployed = Retired = Complete the following tasks: 1) create a syncwine concept 1 2 3 4 5 unemployed employed
2) write the formulas: Population = labor force + retired Labor force = population - retired or employed + + unemployed Employed = labor force - unemployed Unemployed = labor force - employed Retired = population - labor force Complete the following tasks: 1) make a syncwine concept 1 2 3 4 5 unemployed person unemployed, active do not work look for, register I don’t want to be unemployed! Afraid! busy person busy, active Work, earn, work I want to always have a job! Joy!
Lesson 2. Unemployment and its types Define the concept of “unemployment”
Types of unemployment TYPE OF UNEMPLOYMENT CAUSES OF UNEMPLOYMENT FRICTIONAL TEMPORARY, INEVITABLE STRUCTURAL SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL PROGRESS, TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGES CYCLICAL CHANGES IN THE BUSINESS ACTIVITY CYCLE
Types of unemployment Causes Characteristics Situation Frictional Ivanova was not satisfied with her salary. He quit and began looking for work. Structural Due to the introduction of a conveyor line into production, seven people were laid off. Cyclical Due to the decline in production in light industry, the unemployment rate has increased. Reasons: technological changes as a result of scientific and technical progress, search for a new job, decline in production, economic crisis, moving to another place of residence.
EXAMPLES OF FRICTIONAL UNEMPLOYMENT after the army after graduation change of job change of job when changing place of residence
EXAMPLES OF STRUCTURAL UNEMPLOYMENT demand for new professions PROFESSIONAL SKILLS ARE OUTDATED
EXAMPLES OF CYCLICAL UNEMPLOYMENT ECONOMIC CRISIS
FRICTIONAL STRUCTURAL NATURAL UNEMPLOYMENT RATE (4%-6%) FULL EMPLOYMENT UNEMPLOYMENT RATE = Number of unemployed Number of labor force * 100% EMPLOYMENT RATE = Number of employed Number of labor force * 100%
HOMEWORK GIVE EXAMPLES FROM LIFE FOR EACH TYPE OF UNEMPLOYMENT COMPLETE A SIGNWINE FOR THE CONCEPT OF “UNEMPLOYMENT”
Lesson 3 Consequences of Unemployment The unemployment rate is 100% if the unemployed person is you. Anonymous.
Sinkwine on the topic “Unemployment” topic 1 2 3 4 5 unemployment
Sinkwine on the topic “Unemployment” topic 1 2 3 4 5 unemployment is an economic phenomenon, unfavorable not to have, to provide, to seek We need to fight this! Darkness!
Make a diagram on the topic “Unemployment”
Make a diagram on the topic “Unemployment” TYPES OF UNEMPLOYMENT FRICTIONAL STRUCTURAL CYCLIC
Sinkwine on the topic “Types of unemployment” concept 1 2 3 4 5 frictional structural cyclical
What are the formulas for the employment rate and unemployment rate?
formulas Level of number of unemployed people unemployment = * 100% of the labor force Level of number of employed people = * 100% of the labor force
task GIVEN: Labor force = 60 million people. UNEMPLOYED = 5 million people. Natural rate of unemployment = 5% Calculate the unemployment rate? Employment level? Can we say that the country has full employment? SOLUTION:
task GIVEN: Labor force = 60 million people. Unemployed = 5 million people. Natural rate of unemployment = 5% Calculate the unemployment rate? Employment level? Can we say that the country has full employment? SOLUTION: Unemployment rate = number of unemployed = *100% population 5 million people. Level of poverty = * 100% 60 million people. Bereavement rate = 8.3%
task GIVEN: Labor force = 60 million people. Unemployed = 5 million people. Natural rate of unemployment = 5% Calculate the unemployment rate? Employment level? Can we say that the country has full employment? SOLUTION: Unemployment rate = number of unemployed = *100% population 5 million people. Level of poverty = * 100% 60 million people. Rate of absence = 8.3% Answer: 8.3%; 91.7%; no, 3.3% - cyclical unemployment
Consequences of unemployment
Consequences of unemployment SOCIAL:
1 I’m a mechanic, I’ve been out of work for a year. Of course, some skills and abilities are gone, but I will try... How are you feeling? 2 3 4 Name the social consequences of unemployment!
Consequences of unemployment SOCIAL: Loss of income Decreased standard of living Loss of qualifications Psychological “trauma” Social “bottom”
Consequences of unemployment ECONOMIC:
Consequences of unemployment ECONOMIC: UNDERPRODUCTION OF GOODS AND SERVICES ARTHUR OWEN'S LAW: IF ACTUAL UNEMPLOYMENT EXCEEDS ITS NATURAL LEVEL BY 1%, THEN PRODUCTION IS REDUCED BY 2.5%
Okun's Law
Homework Visit your local job center. Find out the number of unemployed and employed in the area. Calculate employment and unemployment rates and display them in chart form. Also find out what measures the unemployment assistance center takes and make a diagram or presentation. Make up a syncwine with the concept of “busy”.
Lesson 4. SOCIAL PROTECTION MEASURES FOR THE UNEMPLOYED Is it necessary to protect the unemployed? Why? Who takes on this function?
the state regulates employment ELIMINATES THE NEGATIVE CONSEQUENCES OF UNEMPLOYMENT CREATES NEW JOBS
EMPLOYMENT CENTER REGISTRATION OF THE UNEMPLOYED INFORMATION ABOUT VACANCIES REQUALIFICATION OF THE UNEMPLOYED UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS
Introduction to the game situation I, Svetlana Vladimirovna Lukina, act as an ENTREPRENEUR. I am creating an enterprise to produce raincoats that are fashionable this season. You will be workers in 3 garment factories. Everyone has the right to work. Constitution of the Russian Federation. Article 37, paragraph 7.
Introduction to the game situation In the conditions of the economic crisis, while conducting marketing research, the managers of the Fashion Clothes trading house found out that this season no more than 20 raincoats of a modern cut will be purchased daily. An order for sewing raincoats can be placed at one of 3 factories. To determine the most profitable partner, trial batches of raincoats were ordered to be produced by all 3 enterprises.
STAGE 1 Managers demonstrate mock-ups of raincoats. Templates are distributed. Production of a trial batch. Each participant in the game completes the order individually. Operating time – 7-10 minutes. PRIZE for the MAXIMUM number of QUALITY-made raincoats. The manager's task is to identify the most efficiently working specialists. Enter the results of the work into the table. Presentation of the prize.
STAGE 2 Human affairs cannot always be successful. Herodotus LABOR EXCHANGE Temporary unemployed people study material on the topic of the lesson and compose answers to the questions: 1. Who are the unemployed? 2. Who feels confident in the labor market? 3. Types and causes of unemployment.
Discussion of the results of the game 1. Name the reasons for the increase or decrease in output. 2. How does an increase in output affect the number of jobs? 3. Which of the workers were retained by managers in production, and which were laid off? 4. What should people who lose their jobs do?
The speech of the “unemployed” Competitiveness in the labor market depends on the diverse skills of the worker; good education, broad outlook; the ability to learn new things, change activities, start over; ability to behave, maintain a conversation, communicate with people.
Speech by the “unemployed” Types of unemploymentCauses of unemployment Cyclical The market is experiencing recession and recovery - these are cycles on which the number of workers depends Structural Closure of obsolete ones or structural transformation when the number of workers is reduced (closing factories, selling them, changing ownership) Seasonal For rare professions there is an employment problem at certain times of the year
Homework 1. Having worked through §32 of the textbook and additional material, fill out the table: 2. Make a crossword puzzle on the topic “Unemployment”: “3” words; "4" words; “5” - more than 10 words. Type of unemploymentNature of type of unemployment Reasons, category of people
