A competent choice of boiler will allow you to maintain a comfortable indoor temperature during the winter season. A large selection of devices allows you to most accurately select the desired model depending on the required parameters. But in order to provide warmth in the house and at the same time avoid unnecessary expenditure of resources, you need to know how to calculate the power of a gas boiler for heating a private house.
A floor-standing gas boiler has greater power Source termoresurs.ru
The main characteristics affecting the boiler power
The boiler power indicator is the main characteristic, however, the calculation can be carried out using different formulas, depending on the configuration of the device and other parameters. For example, a detailed calculation may take into account the height of the building and its energy efficiency.
Varieties of boiler models
Boilers can be divided into two types depending on the purpose of application:
Single-circuit– used only for heating;
Dual-circuit– used for heating, as well as in hot water supply systems.
Units with one circuit have a simple structure, consisting of a burner and a single heat exchanger.
Source ideahome.pp.ua
In dual-circuit systems, the water heating function is primarily provided. When using hot water, the heating is automatically turned off while hot water is being used so that the system is not overloaded. The advantage of a dual-circuit system is its compactness. Such a heating complex takes up much less space than if the hot water supply and heating systems were used separately.
Boiler models are often divided by placement method.
Depending on their type, boilers can be installed in different ways. You can choose a wall-mounted or floor-mounted model. It all depends on the preferences of the owner of the house, the capacity and functionality of the room in which the boiler will be located. The installation method of the boiler is also affected by its power. For example, floor-standing boilers have more power compared to wall-mounted models.
In addition to fundamental differences in purpose of use and placement methods, gas boilers also differ in control methods. There are models with electronic and mechanical control. Electronic systems can only operate in homes with constant access to the power grid.
Source norogum.am On our website you can find contacts of construction companies that offer house insulation services. You can communicate directly with representatives by visiting the “Low-Rise Country” exhibition of houses.
Typical power calculations for devices
There is no single algorithm for calculating both single- and double-circuit boilers - each system must be selected separately.
Formula for a typical project
When calculating the required power for heating a house built according to a standard design, that is, with a room height of no more than 3 meters, the volume of the premises is not taken into account, and the power indicator is calculated as follows:
Determine the specific thermal power: Um = 1 kW/10 m 2 ;
Rm = Mind * P * Kr, where
P – a value equal to the sum of the areas of heated premises,
Kr is a correction factor that is taken in accordance with the climatic zone in which the building is located.
Some coefficient values for different regions of Russia:
Southern – 0.9;
Located in the middle zone – 1.2;
Northern – 2.0.
For the Moscow region, a coefficient value of 1.5 is taken.
This technique does not reflect the main factors influencing the microclimate in the house, and only approximately shows how to calculate the power of a gas boiler for a private home.
Some manufacturers issue recommendations, but for accurate calculations they still recommend contacting specialists Source parki48.ru
Example calculation for a single-circuit device installed in a room with an area of 100 m2, located in the Moscow region:
Рм = 1/10 * 100 * 1.5 = 15 (kW)
Calculations for dual-circuit devices
Double-circuit devices have the following operating principle. For heating, water is heated and supplied through the heating system to radiators, which release heat to the environment, thereby heating the rooms and cooling them. When cooling, the water flows back to be heated. Thus, water circulates along the heating system circuit, and goes through heating cycles and transfer to the radiators. At the moment when the ambient temperature becomes equal to the set one, the boiler goes into standby mode for some time, i.e. Temporarily stops heating the water, then starts heating again.
For domestic needs, the boiler heats water and supplies it to the taps, and not to the heating system.
Source idn37.ru When calculating the power of a device with two circuits, another 20% of the calculated value is usually added to the resulting power.
An example of calculation for a two-circuit device that is installed in a room with an area of 100 m2; the coefficient is taken for the Moscow region:
R m = 1/10 * 100 * 1.5 = 15 (kW)
P total = 15 + 15*20% = 18 (kW)
Additional factors taken into account when installing the boiler
In construction, there is also the concept of energy efficiency of a building, that is, how much heat a building releases to the environment.
One of the indicators of heat transfer is the dissipation coefficient (Kp). This value is a constant, i.e. constant and does not change when calculating the level of heat transfer of structures made of the same materials.
It is necessary to take into account not only the power of the boiler, but also the possible heat loss of the building itself Source pechiudachi.ru
For calculations, a coefficient is taken, which, depending on the building, can be equal to different values and the use of which will help you understand how to calculate the power of a gas boiler for a home more accurately:
The lowest level of heat transfer, corresponding to a K p value of 0.6 to 0.9, is assigned to buildings made of modern materials, with insulated floors, walls and roofs;
K p is equal to from 1.0 to 1.9, if the external walls of the building are insulated, the roof is insulated;
K p is equal to from 2.0 to 2.9 in houses without insulation, for example, brick houses with single masonry;
K p is equal to from 3.0 to 4.0 in non-insulated rooms, in which the level of thermal insulation is low.
Heat loss level QT calculated according to the formula:
Q
T
= V * P
t
*k/860 where
V –
is the volume of the room
Pt- R temperature difference calculated by subtracting the minimum possible air temperature in the region from the desired room temperature,
k – safety factor.
Source tr.decorexpro.com
The boiler power, when taking into account the dissipation coefficient, is calculated by multiplying the calculated level of heat loss by the safety factor (usually from 15% to 20%, then multiply by 1.15 and 1.20, respectively)
This technique allows you to more accurately determine productivity and, therefore, approach the issue of choosing a boiler as efficiently as possible.
What happens if you incorrectly calculate the required power
It is still worth choosing a boiler so that it matches the power required to heat the building. This will be the best option, since first of all, purchasing a boiler that does not match the power level can lead to two types of problems:
A low-power boiler will always work at the limit, trying to heat the room to the set temperature, and can quickly fail;
A device with an excessively high power level costs more and, even in economy mode, consumes more gas than a less powerful device.
Calculator for calculating boiler power
For those who do not like to do calculations, even if they are not very complicated, a special calculator will help you calculate a boiler for heating your home - a free online application.
Interface of an online calculator for calculating boiler power Source idn37.ru
As a rule, the calculation service requires you to fill out all the fields, which will help you make the most accurate calculations, including the power of the device and the thermal insulation of the house.
To obtain the final result, you will also need to enter the total area that will require heating.
Next, you should fill out information about the type of glazing, the level of thermal insulation of walls, floors and ceilings. As additional parameters, the height at which the ceiling is located in the room is also taken into account, and information about the number of walls interacting with the street is entered. The number of floors of the building and the presence of structures on top of the house are taken into account.
After entering the required fields, the calculation button becomes “active” and you can get the calculation by clicking on the corresponding button. To check the information received, you can use calculation formulas.
Video description
To see how to calculate the power of a gas boiler, watch the video:
Advantages of using gas boilers
Gas equipment has a number of advantages and disadvantages. The advantages include:
possibility of partial automation of the boiler operation process;
unlike other energy sources, natural gas has a low cost;
The devices do not require frequent maintenance.
The disadvantages of gas systems include the high risk of gas explosion, however, with proper storage of gas cylinders and timely maintenance, this risk is minimal.
On our website you can familiarize yourself with construction companies that offer services for connecting electrical and gas equipment. You can communicate directly with representatives at the Low-Rise Country exhibition of houses.
Conclusion
Despite the apparent simplicity of the calculations, we must remember that gas equipment must be selected and installed by professionals. In this case, you will receive a trouble-free device that will work properly for many years.
Before designing a heating system or installing heating equipment, it is important to select a gas boiler capable of generating the required amount of heat for the room. Therefore, it is important to choose a device of such power that its performance is as high as possible and its resource is long.
We will tell you how to calculate the power of a gas boiler with high accuracy and taking into account certain parameters. The article we have presented describes in detail all types of heat losses through openings and building structures, and provides formulas for calculating them. A specific example introduces the features of calculations.
Correct calculation of the power of a gas boiler will not only save on consumables, but will also increase the efficiency of the device. Equipment whose heat output exceeds the actual heat requirements will work ineffectively when, as an insufficiently powerful device, it cannot heat the room properly.
There is modern automated equipment that independently regulates the gas supply, which eliminates unnecessary costs. But if such a boiler performs its work to the limit of its capabilities, then its service life is reduced.
As a result, the efficiency of the equipment decreases, parts wear out faster, and condensation forms. Therefore, there is a need to calculate optimal power.
Image gallery
The power of the heating boiler is often the most important criterion when choosing a device. It is this that allows you to determine whether the unit can provide efficient heating or not. Why do you need to know the power, how to calculate the power of a gas boiler, how much power is needed to heat a private house? This and more below.
Read in the article
Why do you need to know the boiler power?
Power is the main parameter when choosing a particular type of boiler. It is by this that they determine whether the boiler can heat your home. Ideally, to determine the required power, it is necessary to make a full calculation of the heat losses of the building, and based on its results, select not only the boiler, but also heating devices (radiators and convectors).
The latter is no less important than how to choose a boiler for heating a private house based on power, because it is these elements that transfer heat to the room, and if their power is insufficient, the house will be cold even if a sufficiently powerful boiler and stabilizer are installed.
Rules and methods of calculation
The easiest way to calculate the power of a boiler is to calculate the power of a gas boiler by the area of the house. According to many analyses, 1 kilowatt of solid fuel is needed to heat 10 square meters. This is true for buildings that have standard characteristics: a two-meter ceiling and average insulation.
Note! If the housing is created according to these parameters, then for the calculation it is necessary to measure the total area with the power of the heat generator. Calculation results should be rounded upward. You should act according to the following formula: W=S×Wud/10, where W is the required power in the thermal boiler, S is the total heated area of the house, taking into account all residential and household premises, Wud is the specific power that is necessary to heat 10 square meters .
The last value is adjusted in each climate zone. The middle band is the standard. The specific power for it will be 1.1 percent. In Moscow and the Moscow region, this result must be multiplied by 1.5. In the south this result is 0.9, in the north - 2.
Let's take an example of a house in Siberia, where frosts reach −40 degrees Fahrenheit. The area of the house is 120 square meters. The specific power is 1.8. We multiply 120 by 1.8 and divide by 10. It turns out 21.6 kilowatts. We round up and get 22 kilowatts.
We will make adjustments to the above calculations for the height of the ceiling with heat losses. The average ceiling is 2 meters high. If it is higher, we calculate the coefficient. For example, if it is 3 meters, then dividing by 3/2 gives 1.5. As a result, to heat a Siberian house you need 22 kilowatts * 1.5 = 33 kilowatts.
To calculate everything correctly, you need to understand the meaning of heat losses. Heat leaves the house, regardless of its design and how it is heated. 35% of the heat escapes through walls that are poorly insulated, and 10% through windows. The floor without insulation takes 15%, and the roof - 25%. When making calculations, it is important to take into account the fact that houses made of foam blocks, beams and bricks require another 1 kilowatt of energy, and for buildings made of other materials - 1.5. If the house has nothing insulated, an additional 1.8 kilowatts is required, and for a modern insulated house 0.6 kilowatts are required.
If the house has modern insulation, 0.6 kilowatts is required. Multiply 33 by 0.6 and get 19.8. We add 20% in case of extreme frosts.
As a result, to calculate the boiler you need to find out the area and divide it by 10. Then take into account the climate zone where the housing is located. Multiply the previous result by the region coefficient. Then find out the coefficient number from the ceiling height by dividing the existing height by the average. Multiply the previous number by the resulting one. Make an adjustment for heat losses and multiply everything by the heat loss coefficient.
Important! Calculations are given only for single-circuit boilers. For dual-circuit systems, the resulting power must be increased by another 25%.
If we use SNIP standards, then to heat an apartment in a brick house with an area of 100 square meters and a ceiling height of 2.7 meters, you need approximately 9 kilowatts. For panel houses the result is 11 kilowatts. It is worth considering the fact that if the apartment is under a roof, you need to add 0.7 to the result obtained, and if in the basement - 0.9.
How to calculate for houses of different sizes
Below are calculation methods for houses with different areas.
60 sq m
To calculate the boiler power for a house of 60 square meters, you can use a calculator or SNiP data by inserting it into the above formula. According to the classical formula, 6 kilowatts is enough. Taking into account the heat loss coefficient and climate, this number can range from 7 to 10 kilowatts. For example, in the south it will be enough to heat 7, and in the north this figure can increase to 10 kilowatts. If the house is not insulated or it is poorly insulated according to the thermal imager readings, another 1 kilowatt should be added to the total value.
These are the values for a single-circuit boiler. As for the double-circuit unit, it is necessary to take a device for the south of 25 kW, and for the north - 30 kW.
80 sq m
For a house or apartment of 80 square meters with standard ceilings, 8-10 kilowatts of heat energy is sufficient.
For living space located in the south of Russia, this figure can be exactly 8 kilowatts. For an apartment or house located in a semi-basement, where the thermometer drops below −10 degrees, you need to buy a boiler with a power of 12-14 kilowatts.
120 sq m
For a living space of 120 square meters, about 12 kilowatts will be enough. It is important to take into account the number of windows, doorways, ceiling height and climate. This figure can vary by 1-3. In addition, for those who like warmth in the house, namely a temperature of 26 degrees, you can also add 1 kilowatt.
Note! In places close to the south of Russia, 12 kilowatts will be enough to heat an insulated two-story house with a basement. As for the north and middle zone, this value increases by 2-3 kW.
200 sq m
To accurately calculate the required power of an electric boiler to heat a house of 200 square meters, you can use a special online calculator. As a rule, with average performance, it is necessary to choose a unit with a power of 13-15 kilowatts. If we are talking about choosing a double-circuit unit, you will need to take an electric boiler for heating a house of 200 square meters at 25-27 kilowatts.
300 sq m
As in the case of an area of 200 square meters, you can calculate the boiler power for heating housing and water using an online calculator or using the universal formula given above.
For central Russia, you will need to select a boiler with a capacity of 30-35 kilowatts. There are ready-made models that do not require preliminary calculations.
Is it necessary to select a boiler with excess power?
- Such a boiler will work excessively and may quickly break down;
- The device is more expensive and even when in economy mode it will use more gas than it should.
Therefore, it is not rational to purchase equipment that will not be used as prescribed in the operating manual. In addition, when the boiler does not operate at full capacity, or according to the optimal program, parts wear out faster.
It is worth noting that a low-power unit is also not suitable. It will work at full capacity and beyond the specified norm. As a result, not only will the required temperature not be achieved, but the unit will also be broken due to wear of parts.
Note! It is important to accurately calculate the required power of the boiler before purchasing it or consult with competent specialists who will independently help you calculate everything according to the individual dimensions and parameters of the house.
How to calculate the cost of heating a house with a boiler
To calculate the required equipment performance and costs, you need to understand the climate, area, volume of living space, degree of insulation and amount of heat loss. When using turbine devices for this, it is also necessary to take into account the amount of energy that is spent on heating the air. To determine the productivity and costs of the boiler, it is first necessary to calculate the heat losses.
This is difficult to do, since you need to take into account a large number of components, in particular the materials for constructing walls, floors, roofing, and the like. You should also understand the type of heating wiring, the presence of heated floors and household appliances that produce heat.
To accurately calculate heat loss and heating costs, professionals use thermal imagers. Then they calculate the required indicator using complex formulas. Naturally, the average user will not understand the nuances of thermal technology. There are available methods for them that allow you to quickly and optimally calculate the optimal performance of equipment.
The most accessible way is to use the universal formula, where 10 square meters equals 1 kilowatt. In accordance with the pricing policy of the region, the cost of 1 cubic meter of gas costs about 4 rubles during the day, and 3 rubles at night. As a result, you will have to spend 6,300 rubles per 10 square meters for the heating season.
You can find out the optimal heater performance using a convenient calculator. In order to calculate everything correctly and get the final result, you will need to enter the total heating area. Next, you need to fill out information about what type of glazing, level of thermal insulation of walls, floors and ceilings is used. Additional parameters also take into account the height of the ceiling in the room and the introduction of information about the number of walls that interact with the street. They also take into account the fact how many floors there are in the building and whether there are structures on top of it. Only after this can you find out the current prices for 1 cubic meter and calculate everything.
Note! It is important to know that the calculated data will be approximate, since in the case of a double-circuit boiler, it is not known how much water will be spent and what exact amount will be needed by residents for taking a shower, washing hands and dishes, and other matters.
In addition, you need to carefully study the technical characteristics of the equipment presented in the store. Some devices use gas uneconomically, spending more energy on their work than their counterparts would. In order to receive low monthly payments, this fact is important to take into account. For example, additional functions require corresponding additional energy.
It is necessary to choose a gas boiler carefully, especially focusing on its power indicators, since it must perform three tasks at once:
- Create and maintain a comfortable room temperature;
- Constantly compensate for possible heat losses;
- Heat the water to the optimal temperature (in the case of a double-circuit unit).
It is important to understand that the degree of temperature comfort is a subjective value. It is generally accepted that a comfortable temperature is within 23 degrees Celsius. Usually this is the temperature that is used when performing thermal calculations and choosing a boiler.
Also, when choosing the power of the heating boiler, it is necessary to take into account information about the total heat losses. For example, from 5 to 10 percent of heat is spent on a foundation with a basement and floors of the first floor. At the joints of building structures up to 10 percent of heat. 5% of heat is wasted in areas where utilities pass in the form of sewer and water pipes, gas supply elements with electrical and communication cables. Up to 30% on walls, 25% on windows and doors.
Note! Many users recommend buying boilers that already indicate what area of the building they are intended for. This way there will be no need to calculate anything and think through the details. As a rule, such devices provide indicators with a margin in case of extreme cold.
In general, power is the main parameter in order to calculate and select the temperature necessary for normal living. It must be calculated correctly to avoid damage to the boiler and large bills for gas, electricity and water. In order not to waste your time and calculate everything correctly, you can use special calculators, professional help from experts, or trust information from the manufacturer.
You need to pay attention to power. This parameter shows how much heat a particular device can create when connected to a heating system. This directly determines whether, with the help of such equipment, it is possible to provide the house with heat in the required quantity or not.
For example, in a room where a pellet boiler with low power is installed, it will be cool at best. It is also not the best option to install a boiler with excess power, because it will constantly operate in an economical mode, and this will significantly reduce the efficiency indicator.
So, in order to calculate the required equipment power, you need to follow certain rules.
How to calculate the power of a heating boiler, knowing the volume of the heated room?
In this case, the calculation is made using the following formula:
Q = V × ΔT × K / 850
- Q– amount of heat in kW/h
- V– volume of the heated room in cubic meters
- ΔT– the difference between the temperature outside and inside the house
- TO– heat loss coefficient
- 850
– a number thanks to which the product of the three above parameters can be converted into kW/h
Index TO may have the following meanings:
- 3-4 – if the structure of the building is simplified and made of wood or if it is made of corrugated sheets
- 2-2.9 – the room has little thermal insulation. Such a room has a simple structure, the length of 1 brick is equal to the thickness of the wall, the windows and roof have a simplified construction
- 1-1.9 – the building design is considered standard. Such houses have a double brick tab and few simple windows. Regular roof roof
- 0.6-0.9 – the building design is considered improved. Such a building has double glazed windows, the base of the floor is thick, the walls are brick and have double thermal insulation, the roof has thermal insulation made of good material
Below is a situation in which you can use this formula.
The house has an area of 200 m², its walls are 3 m high, and the thermal insulation is first class. The ambient air temperature near the house does not fall below -25 °C. It turns out that ΔT = 20 - (-25) = 45 °C. It turns out that in order to find out the amount of heat required to heat a house, you need to make the following calculation:
Q = 200 × 3 × 45 × 0.9/850 = 28.58 kW/h
The result obtained should not be rounded up yet, because a hot water supply system may still be connected to the boiler.
If the water for washing is heated in another way, then the result obtained independently does not need to be adjusted and this stage of calculation is the final one.
How to calculate how much heat is needed to heat water?
To calculate heat consumption in this case, you must independently add the heat consumption for hot water supply to the previous indicator. To calculate it, you can use the following formula:
Qв = с × m × Δt
- With– specific heat capacity of water, which is always equal to 4200 J/kg K,
- m– mass of water in kg
- Δt– difference in temperature of heated water and incoming water from the water supply system.
For example, the average family consumes 150 liters of warm water. The coolant that heats the boiler has a temperature of 80 °C, and the temperature of the water coming from the water supply is 10 °C, then Δt = 80 - 10 = 70 °C.
Hence:
Qв = 4200 × 150 × 70 = 44,100,000 J or 12.25 kW/h
Then you need to do the following:
- Let's say you need to heat 150 liters of water at a time, which means the capacity of the indirect heat exchanger is 150 liters, therefore, 12.25 kW/h must be added to 28.58 kW/h. This is done because the Qzag indicator is less than 40.83, therefore, the room will be cooler than the expected 20 ° C.
- If the water is heated in batches, that is, the capacity of the indirect heat exchanger is 50 liters, the figure of 12.25 must be divided by 3 and then added independently to 28.58. After these calculations, Qzag is equal to 32.67 kW/h. The resulting indicator is the power of the boiler, which is necessary to heat the room.
How to calculate by area?
This calculation is more accurate because it takes into account a huge number of nuances. It is produced according to the following formula:
Q = 0.1 × S × k1 × k2 × k3 × k4 × k5 × k6 × k7
- 0.1 kW– the norm of required heat per 1 m².
- S- area of the room to be heated.
- k1 shows the heat that is lost due to the structure of the windows and has the following indicators:
- 1.27 – the window has single glass
- 1.00 – window with double glazing
- 0.85 – the window has triple glass
- k2 shows the heat that is lost due to the window area (Sw). Sw refers to the floor area Sf. Its indicators are as follows:
- 0.8 - at Sw/Sf = 0.1;
- 0.9 - at Sw/Sf = 0.2;
- 1.0 - at Sw/Sf = 0.3;
- 1.1 - at Sw/Sf = 0.4;
- 1.2 - at Sw/Sf = 0.5.
- k3 shows heat leakage through the walls. Could be as follows:
- 1.27 – poor quality thermal insulation
- 1 – the wall of the house has a thickness of 2 bricks or insulation 15 cm thick
- 0.854 – good thermal insulation
- k4 shows the amount of heat lost due to the temperature outside the building. Has the following indicators:
- 0.7 when tз = -10 °С;
- 0.9 for tз = -15 °С;
- 1.1 for tз = -20 °С;
- 1.3 for tз = -25 °С;
- 1.5 for tз = -30 °С.
- k5 shows how much heat is lost due to external walls. Has the following meanings:
- 1.1 the building has 1 external wall
- 1.2 the building has 2 external walls
- 1.3 the building has 3 external walls
- 1.4 the building has 4 external walls
- k6 shows the amount of heat that is additionally required and depends on the ceiling height (H):
- 1 - for a ceiling height of 2.5 m;
- 1.05 - for a ceiling height of 3.0 m;
- 1.1 - for a ceiling height of 3.5 m;
- 1.15 - for a ceiling height of 4.0 m;
- 1.2 - for a ceiling height of 4.5 m.
- k7 shows how much heat was lost. Depends on the type of building that is located above the heated room. Has the following indicators:
- 0.8 heated room;
- 0.9 warm attic;
- 1 cold attic.
As an example, let's take the same initial conditions, except for the parameter of windows, which have triple glazing and make up 30% of the floor area. The building has 4 external walls, and above it there is a cold attic.
Then the calculation will look like this:
Q = 0.1 × 200 × 0.85 × 1 × 0.854 × 1.3 × 1.4 × 1.05 × 1 = 27.74 kW/h
This indicator needs to be increased; to do this, you need to independently add the amount of heat that is required for the hot water supply, if it is connected to the boiler.
The above methods are very useful when it is necessary to calculate the power of a heating boiler.
Calculation of the real power of a long-burning boiler using the example of “Kupper PRACTIC-8”
The design of most boilers is designed for the specific type of fuel on which this device will operate. If a different fuel category is used for the boiler, which is not reassigned for it, the efficiency will be significantly reduced. It is also necessary to remember the possible consequences of using fuel that is not provided by the boiler equipment manufacturer.
Now we will demonstrate the calculation process using the example of the Teplodar boiler, model Kupper PRACTIC-8. This equipment is intended for heating systems in residential buildings and other premises that have an area of less than 80 m². This boiler is also universal and can operate not only in closed heating systems, but also in open ones with forced circulation of coolant. This boiler has the following technical characteristics:
- the ability to use firewood as fuel;
- on average, per hour, it burns 10 wood;
- the power of this boiler is 80 kW;
- the loading chamber has a volume of 300 l;
- Efficiency is 85%.
Let’s assume that the owner uses aspen wood as fuel to heat the room. 1 kg of this type of firewood gives 2.82 kW/h. In one hour, the boiler consumes 15 kg of wood, therefore, it produces heat 2.82 × 15 × 0.87 = 36.801 kW/h of heat (0.87 is the efficiency).
This equipment is not enough to heat a room that has a heat exchanger with a volume of 150 liters, but if the domestic hot water supply has a heat exchanger with a volume of 50 liters, then the power of this boiler will be quite sufficient. In order to get the desired result of 32.67 kW/h, you need to spend 13.31 kg of aspen firewood. We calculate using the formula (32.67 / (2.82 × 0.87) = 13.31). In this case, the required heat was determined by the volumetric calculation method.
You can also make your own calculation and find out the time it takes for the boiler to burn all the wood. 1 liter of aspen wood weighs 0.143 kg. Therefore, the loading compartment will hold 294 × 0.143 = 42 kg of firewood. This amount of firewood will be enough to maintain heat for more than 3 hours. This is too short a time, so in this case it is necessary to find a boiler with a firebox size that is 2 times larger.
You can also look for a fuel boiler that is designed for several types of fuel. For example, a boiler from the same manufacturer “Teplodar”, only model “Kupper PRO-22”, which can work not only with wood, but also with coal. In this case, when using different types of fuel, the power will be different. The calculation is carried out independently, taking into account the efficiency of each type of fuel separately, and later the best option is selected.
How much energy do different types of fuel provide?
In this case, the indicators will be as follows:
- When burning 1 kg of dried sawdust or small coniferous wood shavings, the output is 3.2 kW/h. Provided that 1 liter of dried sawdust weighs 1,100 kg.
- Alder has a higher heat transfer and produces 3 kW per hour, weighing 300 grams.
- Trees that belong to the hardwood species provide 1 kW, weighing 300 grams.
- Coal from stone produces almost 5 kW, weighing 400 grams.
- Peat from Belarus gives 2 kW, weighing 340 grams.
Some fuel manufacturers write the combustion period of one load in the information, but do not provide information on how much fuel burns in 1 hour.
In such a situation, it is necessary to make additional calculations:
- Determine the maximum mass of fuel that can fit in the fuel loading compartment.
- Find out how much heat a boiler operating on a given type of raw material can produce;
- What level of heat transfer will be in 1 hour. This number must be independently divided by the period during which the entire amount of firewood will burn out.
To summarize, we can say that the data that will be obtained as a result of all calculations will show the real power of solid fuel boiler equipment that it can produce within 1 hour.
